Creating high-performance generalizable deep neural networks for phytoplankton monitoring requires utilizing large-scale data coming from diverse global water sources. A major challenge to training such networks lies in data privacy, where data collected at different facilities are often restricted from being transferred to a centralized location. A promising approach to overcome this challenge is federated learning, where training is done at site level on local data, and only the model parameters are exchanged over the network to generate a global model. In this study, we explore the feasibility of leveraging federated learning for privacy-preserving training of deep neural networks for phytoplankton classification. More specifically, we simulate two different federated learning frameworks, federated learning (FL) and mutually exclusive FL (ME-FL), and compare their performance to a traditional centralized learning (CL) framework. Experimental results from this study demonstrate the feasibility and potential of federated learning for phytoplankton monitoring.

Camera pose estimation is a key step in standard 3D reconstruction pipelines that operate on a dense set of images of a single object or scene. However, methods for pose estimation often fail when only a few images are available because they rely on the ability to robustly identify and match visual features between image pairs. While these methods can work robustly with dense camera views, capturing a large set of images can be time-consuming or impractical. We propose SparsePose for recovering accurate camera poses given a sparse set of wide-baseline images (fewer than 10). The method learns to regress initial camera poses and then iteratively refine them after training on a large-scale dataset of objects (Co3D: Common Objects in 3D). SparsePose significantly outperforms conventional and learning-based baselines in recovering accurate camera rotations and translations. We also demonstrate our pipeline for high-fidelity 3D reconstruction using only 5-9 images of an object.

Large language models (LLMs) have been shown to be able to perform new tasks based on a few demonstrations or natural language instructions. While these capabilities have led to widespread adoption, most LLMs are developed by resource-rich organizations and are frequently kept from the public. As a step towards democratizing this powerful technology, we present BLOOM, a 176B-parameter open-access language model designed and built thanks to a collaboration of hundreds of researchers. BLOOM is a decoder-only Transformer language model that was trained on the ROOTS corpus, a dataset comprising hundreds of sources in 46 natural and 13 programming languages (59 in total). We find that BLOOM achieves competitive performance on a wide variety of benchmarks, with stronger results after undergoing multitask prompted finetuning. To facilitate future research and applications using LLMs, we publicly release our models and code under the Responsible AI License.

This paper mainly describes the dma submission to the TempoWiC task, which achieves a macro-F1 score of 77.05% and attains the first place in this task. We first explore the impact of different pre-trained language models. Then we adopt data cleaning, data augmentation, and adversarial training strategies to enhance the model generalization and robustness. For further improvement, we integrate POS information and word semantic representation using a Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) approach. The experimental results show that MoE can overcome the feature overuse issue and combine the context, POS, and word semantic features well. Additionally, we use a model ensemble method for the final prediction, which has been proven effective by many research works.

Solar activity is usually caused by the evolution of solar magnetic fields. Magnetic field parameters derived from photospheric vector magnetograms of solar active regions have been used to analyze and forecast eruptive events such as solar flares and coronal mass ejections. Unfortunately, the most recent solar cycle 24 was relatively weak with few large flares, though it is the only solar cycle in which consistent time-sequence vector magnetograms have been available through the Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager (HMI) on board the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) since its launch in 2010. In this paper, we look into another major instrument, namely the Michelson Doppler Imager (MDI) on board the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO) from 1996 to 2010. The data archive of SOHO/MDI covers more active solar cycle 23 with many large flares. However, SOHO/MDI data only has line-of-sight (LOS) magnetograms. We propose a new deep learning method, named MagNet, to learn from combined LOS magnetograms, Bx and By taken by SDO/HMI along with H-alpha observations collected by the Big Bear Solar Observatory (BBSO), and to generate vector components Bx' and By', which would form vector magnetograms with observed LOS data. In this way, we can expand the availability of vector magnetograms to the period from 1996 to present. Experimental results demonstrate the good performance of the proposed method. To our knowledge, this is the first time that deep learning has been used to generate photospheric vector magnetograms of solar active regions for SOHO/MDI using SDO/HMI and H-alpha data.

太阳耀斑，尤其是M级和X级耀斑，通常与冠状质量弹出（CMES）有关。它们是太空天气影响的最重要来源，可能会严重影响近地环境。因此，必须预测耀斑（尤其是X级），以减轻其破坏性和危险后果。在这里，我们介绍了几种统计和机器学习方法，以预测AR的耀斑指数（FI），这些方法通过考虑到一定时间间隔内的不同类耀斑的数量来量化AR的耀斑生产力。具体而言，我们的样本包括2010年5月至2017年12月在太阳能磁盘上出现的563个AR。25个磁性参数，由空中震动和磁性成像器（HMI）的太空天气HMI活性区域（Sharp）提供的太阳能动力学观测值（HMI）。 （SDO），表征了代理中存储在ARS中的冠状磁能，并用作预测因子。我们研究了这些尖锐的参数与ARS的FI与机器学习算法（样条回归）和重采样方法（合成少数群体过度采样技术，用于使用高斯噪声回归的合成少数群体过度采样技术，smogn简短）。基于既定关系，我们能够在接下来的1天内预测给定AR的FIS值。与其他4种流行的机器学习算法相比，我们的方法提高了FI预测的准确性，尤其是对于大型FI。此外，我们根据Borda Count方法从由9种不同的机器学习方法渲染的等级计算出尖锐参数的重要性。

基于学习的控制方案最近表现出了出色的效力执行复杂的任务。但是，为了将它们部署在实际系统中，保证该系统在在线培训和执行过程中将保持安全至关重要。因此，我们需要安全的在线学习框架，能够自主地理论当前的信息是否足以确保安全或需要新的测量。在本文中，我们提出了一个由两个部分组成的框架：首先，在需要时积极收集测量的隔离外检测机制，以确保至少一个安全备份方向始终可供使用；其次，基于高斯的基于过程的概率安全 - 关键控制器可确保系统始终保持安全的可能性。我们的方法通过使用控制屏障功能来利用模型知识，并以事件触发的方式从在线数据流中收集测量，以确保学习的安全至关重要控制器的递归可行性。反过来，这又使我们能够提供具有很高概率的安全集的正式结果，即使在先验未开发的区域中也是如此。最后，我们在自适应巡航控制系统的数值模拟中验证了所提出的框架。

我们开发了一种文本到图像生成的方法，该方法由隐性视觉引导丢失和生成目标的组合驱动，该方法包含其他检索图像。与仅将文本作为输入的大多数现有文本到图像生成方法不同，我们的方法将跨模式搜索结果动态馈送到统一的训练阶段，从而提高了生成结果的质量，可控性和多样性。我们提出了一种新颖的超网调制的视觉文本编码方案，以预测编码层的重量更新，从而使视觉信息（例如布局，内容）有效地传输到相应的潜在域。实验结果表明，我们的模型以其他检索视觉数据的指导优于现有基于GAN的模型。在可可数据集上，与最先进的方法相比，我们实现了更好的$ 9.13 $，最高$ 3.5 \ times $ $。

我们描述了一种数据驱动的方法，用于指定任意对象的多个图像，以推断相机观点。该任务是经典几何管道（例如SFM和SLAM）的核心组成部分，也是当代神经方法（例如NERF）的至关重要的预处理要求，以对象重建和视图合成。与现有的对应驱动的方法相反，鉴于稀疏视图的表现不佳，我们提出了一种基于自上而下的预测方法来估计相机观点。我们的主要技术见解是使用基于能量的公式来表示相对摄像机旋转的分布，从而使我们能够明确表示由对象对称或视图引起的多个摄像机模式。利用这些相对预测，我们共同估计了来自多个图像的一致摄像机旋转集。我们表明，我们的方法优于最先进的SFM和SLAM方法，并且在可见和看不见的类别上都稀疏图像。此外，我们的概率方法显着优于直接回归相对姿势的表现，这表明对多模型建模对于相干关节重建很重要。我们证明，我们的系统可以是从多视图数据集中进行野外重建的垫脚石。可以在https://jasonyzhang.com/relpose上找到带有代码和视频的项目页面。

元素是单细胞曲线的不相交和均匀的组，代表离散和高度颗粒细胞状态。现有的元算法倾向于仅使用一种模态来推断元素，即使单细胞多摩变数据集谱图在同一细胞内多个分子模态。在这里，我们提出\ textbf {c} ross-m \ textbf {o} dal \ textbf {e} mbedding for \ textbf {m} etacell标识（coem），它利用嵌入式空间，利用scatac-seq和scatac-seq和scatac-seq和SCRNA-SEQ执行聚合，平衡精细分辨率和足够的测序覆盖范围之间的权衡。COEM通过有效识别具有连续和离散细胞类型的数据集的准确且分离良好的元素来优于最先进的方法海科。此外，COEM显着改善了峰到基因的关联分析，并促进了复杂的基因调节推理任务。